A virus is a microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and often destroys the cell. Many viruses cause diseases such as the common cold and the flu. Viruses are very small. They are even tinier than the smallest bacteria. The genetic material inside a cell is either DNA or RNA. Some examples of viruses are colds, the flu, chicken pox, and AIDS.
Bacteria:
The most common prokaryotes are bacteria. Prokaryotes are single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria are the smallest cells known. These organisms live almost anywhere. Bacteria do have DNA which is shaped as a twisted rubber-band. They have ribosomes. Ribosomes are tiny, round, organelles made of protein and other material. Bacteria have a strong, web-like exterior wall. A bacteria's cell membrane is inside the cell wall.
Archaea-
Archaea are the second kind of prokaryote. Archaea are the similar to bacteria because they are both single-celled, both have ribosomes, a cell membrane, and a circular DNA, and both lack a nucleus. They are different because they archaea ribosomes are different from bacterial ribosomes. There are three types of Archaea; heat-loving, salt-loving, and methane-making. The heat and salt-loving archaea are extremophiles. Extremophiles live in places that are extreme.
Cells
A cell is the smallest unit that can perform all life processes necessary for life. All living things are composed of one or more cells. All cells come from existing cells. (Cell theory) A cell is in a membrane-covered structure and contains DNA and cytoplasm. It contains all of the materials needed for life. The membrane covers the cell in order to protect it from the environment. Most cells are very tiny, so they cannot be seen by the naked eye. In an organism with trillions of cells, they all perform different functions. Cells were first discovered by microscopes in the mid-1600's. Robert Hooke was the first person to describe cells.
Organelles
Cells have organelles that carry out various life processes. Organelles are one of the small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function. Most organelles are surrounded by a membrane. Different types of cells, have different types of organelles. Inside the cell, some are attached to membranes or other organelles. Some even float within the cytoplasm of the cell.
Function of organelles
The nucleus is the organelle that contains the cell genetic material or DNA and is the control center of the cell. The ribosomes are organelles where amino acids hook together to make proteins...................................................
Nucleus organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and is the control center of the cell
Chloroplast
the organelle that uses the energy of sunlight to make food
Ribosome
the organelle in which amino acids are hooked together to make proteins
Golgi complex
the organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for Golgi complex
Large central vacuole
the organelle that stores water and other materials
Mitochondrion
the organelle that breaks down food molecules to make ATP
Lysosome
the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders
Animal Cell Diagram
Functions
Cell Membrane:a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's enviroment
Cytoskeleton: a web of proteins in the cytoplasm that acts as both a muscle and a skeleton, it also helps it move
Nucleus: the organelle that contains the cell's DNA and is the control center of the cell
Ribosomes: the organelle where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum: the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for Golgi complex
Mitochondria: the organelle that breaks down food molecules to make ATP
Golgi Complex: the organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of cells
Vesicle: a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
Lysosome: the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders
Cytoplasm: the fluid and all of its contents inside of a cell help keep the cell's shape
Vacuole: they store digestive enzymes and aid in digestion within the cell
Centriole: it forms spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during the cell's division
Plant Cell Diagram:
Cell Wall : a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Chloroplast: the organelle that uses the energy of sunlight to make food
Large Central Vacuole: A small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell, bound by a single membrane and containing water, food, or metabolic waste.
Photosynthesis: the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food
The reason why zebras are one of my favorite wild animals, are because they are beautiful. I find zebras so amusing that my room is a zebra theme. I love the pattern on zebras with the black and white stripes. I also love seeing them at the zoo!!!
(Holt Life Science)
"Life Science", Holt Science and Technology 2007 by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston
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Viruses-
A virus is a microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and often destroys the cell. Many viruses cause diseases such as the common cold and the flu. Viruses are very small. They are even tinier than the smallest bacteria. The genetic material inside a cell is either DNA or RNA. Some examples of viruses are colds, the flu, chicken pox, and AIDS.
Bacteria:
The most common prokaryotes are bacteria. Prokaryotes are single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria are the smallest cells known. These organisms live almost anywhere. Bacteria do have DNA which is shaped as a twisted rubber-band. They have ribosomes. Ribosomes are tiny, round, organelles made of protein and other material. Bacteria have a strong, web-like exterior wall. A bacteria's cell membrane is inside the cell wall.
Archaea-
Archaea are the second kind of prokaryote. Archaea are the similar to bacteria because they are both single-celled, both have ribosomes, a cell membrane, and a circular DNA, and both lack a nucleus. They are different because they archaea ribosomes are different from bacterial ribosomes. There are three types of Archaea; heat-loving, salt-loving, and methane-making. The heat and salt-loving archaea are extremophiles. Extremophiles live in places that are extreme.
Cells
A cell is the smallest unit that can perform all life processes necessary for life. All living things are composed of one or more cells. All cells come from existing cells. (Cell theory) A cell is in a membrane-covered structure and contains DNA and cytoplasm. It contains all of the materials needed for life. The membrane covers the cell in order to protect it from the environment. Most cells are very tiny, so they cannot be seen by the naked eye. In an organism with trillions of cells, they all perform different functions. Cells were first discovered by microscopes in the mid-1600's. Robert Hooke was the first person to describe cells.
Organelles
Cells have organelles that carry out various life processes. Organelles are one of the small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function. Most organelles are surrounded by a membrane. Different types of cells, have different types of organelles. Inside the cell, some are attached to membranes or other organelles. Some even float within the cytoplasm of the cell.
Function of organelles
The nucleus is the organelle that contains the cell genetic material or DNA and is the control center of the cell. The ribosomes are organelles where amino acids hook together to make proteins...................................................
the organelle that uses the energy of sunlight to make food
the organelle in which amino acids are hooked together to make proteins
the organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of cell
the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for Golgi complex
the organelle that stores water and other materials
the organelle that breaks down food molecules to make ATP
the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders
Animal Cell Diagram
Functions
Cell Membrane: a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's enviroment
Cytoskeleton: a web of proteins in the cytoplasm that acts as both a muscle and a skeleton, it also helps it move
Nucleus: the organelle that contains the cell's DNA and is the control center of the cell
Ribosomes: the organelle where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum: the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for Golgi complex
Mitochondria: the organelle that breaks down food molecules to make ATP
Golgi Complex: the organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of cells
Vesicle: a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
Lysosome: the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders
Cytoplasm: the fluid and all of its contents inside of a cell help keep the cell's shape
Vacuole: they store digestive enzymes and aid in digestion within the cell
Centriole: it forms spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during the cell's division
Plant Cell Diagram:
Cell Wall : a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Chloroplast: the organelle that uses the energy of sunlight to make food
Large Central Vacuole: A small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell, bound by a single membrane and containing water, food, or metabolic waste.
Photosynthesis: the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food
The reason why zebras are one of my favorite wild animals, are because they are beautiful. I find zebras so amusing that my room is a zebra theme. I love the pattern on zebras with the black and white stripes. I also love seeing them at the zoo!!!
(Holt Life Science)
"Life Science", Holt Science and Technology 2007 by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston